Engines
An engine is a device that converts energy into mechanical power to perform a specific task, such as propelling a vehicle, generating electricity, or powering a machine. There are many types of engines, including internal combustion engines, turbines, and electric motors, which work on different principles and use various forms of energy. The choice of engine depends on the application and the desired performance criteria, such as power, efficiency, and emissions..
The basic principle of an engine is to convert energy stored in fuel into useful mechanical work. This is typically done by burning the fuel in a controlled manner to generate heat, which is then used to power a piston or turbine that moves to perform work.
In an internal combustion engine, for example, fuel is mixed with air and ignited in a combustion chamber, generating high-pressure and high-temperature gases. These gases push against a piston, which transfers the energy to the crankshaft to produce rotary motion. In a turbine engine, hot gases from combustion expand through a series of blades or vanes that rotate a shaft to produce work.
The specific design and operation of an engine depends on the type of engine and its intended application. However, all engines rely on the basic principle of converting energy stored in fuel into useful mechanical work.
There are several types of engines, including:
Internal Combustion Engines (ICE) - These engines burn fuel and air mixture within a cylinder to produce power. They come in several varieties, including gasoline, diesel, and gas turbine engines.
Electric Motors - These engines convert electrical energy into mechanical energy. They are commonly used in electric vehicles and in many industrial applications.
Steam Engines - These engines convert heat energy into mechanical energy by boiling water to produce steam, which then powers a piston or turbine. Steam engines were widely used in the past, but have been largely replaced by internal combustion engines.
Stirling Engines - These engines use temperature differences to drive a piston or displacer, producing mechanical work.
Gas Turbine Engines - These engines compress air and mix it with fuel, burning the mixture to produce hot gases that are used to drive a turbine. They are commonly used in aircraft and power generation.
Reciprocating Engines - These engines have a piston that moves back and forth in a cylinder to produce mechanical energy. They are commonly used in cars, trucks, and other vehicles.
Rotary Engines - These engines use a rotating component, such as a rotor, to produce mechanical energy. They are less commonly used than other types of engines.
The choice of engine depends on the intended application and the desired performance characteristics, such as power, efficiency, and emissions.
It classified in to two types1.two stroke engine
2.four stroke engine
TWO STROKE ENGINE:
In two stroke internal combustion engine, there are only two power stroke where the piston moves from TDC(top dead center) to BDC (bottom dead center) . When the piston moves downwards at BDC the air and fuel enters through inlet port in to the engine then the piston moves towards the TDC ,air and fuel gets compressed where inlet and outlet ports are closed.After combustion process the outlet port is opened ,exhaust takes place and repeat the process or cycle.
In this four process takes place suction, compression, expansion, exhaust.
When the piston moves from TDC to BDC the air and fuel enters into the combustion chamber through suction process where inlet port is opened and outlet port is closed.
COMPRESSION:
When the piston moves from BDC to TDC compression of air and fuel takes place which ignites the spark into the cylinder,where inlet and outlet ports are closed.
EXPANSION:
when piston moves from TDC to BDC expansion process takes place ,both ports are closed.
EXHAUST:
After completion of expansion process, exhaust of gas takes place through outlet port.
Comments
Post a Comment